Victims’ Rights and Vengeance Essay Example for Free

Victims’ Rights and Vengeance Essay I believe that current state of victims’ right in America is better than it has been in the past thirty years. Thirty years ago, victims had few legal rights to be informed, present and heard within the criminal justice system. Victims did not have to be notified of court proceedings or of the arrest or release of the defendant, they had no right to attend the trial or other proceedings, and they had no right to make a statement to the court at sentencing or at other hearings. Moreover, victim assistance programs were virtually non-existent. Today, every state has an extensive body of basic rights and protections for victims of crime within its statutory code. Victims rights statutes have significantly influenced the manner in which victims are treated within the federal, state, and local criminal justice systems. 2004 Crime Victims’ Rights Act I believe that the 2004 Crimes Victims’ Rights Act has been effective to some extent. The CRVA helps victims assert and encourage enforcement of victims’ rights. It promotes compliance with victims’ rights laws. Funds grant programs and other activities to implement provisions. Provides an enforcement mechanism for rights delineated in the Act. The CRVA may legitimately consider to go too far and give victims undue rights at the expense of a fair trial. For instance, it allows them to â€Å"be heard at any proceedings related to the offence, regardless as to whether or not their input is relevant or appropriate. It is based on a very naive view of crime and criminal procedure; it assumes that all victims are innocent people attacked by dangerous criminals. However, a lot of crime victims dont fit  that category- many crimes have no clear victim, some victims are large corporations, and in a very large percentage of cases, the victims are criminals themselves. This amendment isnt necessarily appropriate for all cases and shouldnt be so. Vengeance Personally I do believe that vengeance does fix anything. Punishment should be a form of vengeance but a form of deterrence, detainment, and rehabilitation of the offender so that he or she will not cause any more harm to others. Vengeance does not bring the people that have been lost back. Fixing the issues can prevent more casualties from happening. The American tough on crime stance taken by elected officials from across the political spectrum has not halted the resurgence of crime in the last few years, nor has it helped prevent ex-inmates from once again ending up behind bars. The criminal justice system needs to spend more money in the parole, probation, and rehabilitation structure because clearly â€Å"punishment† alone isn’t working. Survivors Network of those Abused by Priests (SNAP) I agree with the actions of Survivors Network of those Abused by Priests because it is an organization that specializes in helping women and men wounded by religious authority figures such as priests, ministers, bishops, deacons, nuns and others. Before SNAP many sexual abused cases were not reported or taken to court. The SNAP organization helps the victims of a sexual abuse crime by a religious authority get the information, support, and psychological help that they need. Its claims have been validated, and a few though hardly all of its recommendations have been implemented by the church hierarchy. SNAP’s advocacy on the Catholic scandal also helped push the reality of sexual abuse into the public consciousness to the point that victims can regularly win in courts and get a hearing in the media, and they are much more likely to come forward to tell their stories, whether they were abused by clergy or by athletic coaches or Boy Scout leaders. References: Crime Victims Rights Act http://www.justice.gov/usao/eousa/vr/crime_victims.html Survivors Network of those Abused by Priests http://www.snapnetwork.org/resources Crime Victims’ Rights http://www.ovc.gov/rights/legislation.html Crime, Punishment and Vengeance in the Age of Mass Imprisonment http://www.alternet.org/story/50464/crime,_punishment_and_vengeance_in_the_age_of_mass_imprisonment

The Ubiquitous Monopoly :: Business Essays

The Ubiquitous Monopoly Monopoly is nearly always seen as something undesirable. Courts have wrestled with monopoly for ages, sometimes defining it as: "the power to control prices and exclude competition", "restraining trade", or "unfair and anti-competitive behavior." Should monopolistic practices be condemned and outlawed? Let's look at anti-competitive behavior and practices, but let's not confine ourselves to what's traditionally seen as monopoly. The marriage contract is essentially a monopoly document. It represents a legally sanctioned collusive agreement between two parties to exclude competitors and restrain trade. It closes the market to competition, or at least it is supposed to. This collusion has benefits as well as costs. Because I have exclusive rights to her affections and property rights to a stream of highly valued domestic services, I place a higher value on my spouse, making me willing to share with her a greater percentage of my wealth. My spouse receives a comparable set of benefits from this collusive arrangement. This monopolistic arrangement has a cost side and perhaps some inefficiencies as well. Neither one of us is as attentive as we were before we made our contractual arrangement. For my part, I don't open the car door for her as often, don't use breath fresheners and colognes as frequently, am not as nearly considerate and gentlemanly as before our marriage some 42 years earlier. The reason is simply that before marriage I was competing against other men and therefore could ill afford to act as a monopolist. Read the Old Testament's Book of Deuteronomy, Chapter 5, where God gave Moses the Ten Commandments. The first commandment, and presumably the most important is, "Thou Shalt have none other gods before me." The second is, "Thou shalt not make thee any graven image, or any likeness of any thing that is in heaven above. . . ." Then there's, "Thou shalt not bow down thyself unto them, nor serve them: for I the Lord thy God am a jealous God. . . ." If a corporation made a similar decree regarding its services, it would find itself in the sights of the U.S. Department of Justice for gross violations of the anti-trust provisions of the Sherman and Clayton Acts. The Ten Commandments decree exclusive dealing and mandate neither substitutes for nor competition with God. In order for one to condemn all monopolistic practices as evil, at least for consistency, he would have to also condemn marriage and the basic tenets of Christianity.

Problems of the Heart

â€Å"It was the end of the Lent term, nearing the Easter holiday. Cesca looked out of the window and with one leap, jumped. It was only on the first floor so the drop wasn't too big. She fell gracefully onto the ground below on to feet with a soft thud, stood up and walked towards the swimming pool. Every one that had been sitting in the form room rushed to the window to peer out and see if Cesca was okay. Amazed they watched her stand up and walk away as if she had done no different than walking through a door. ‘ What you do that for?!' cried Isabel out the window rather bemused, she got no reply it seemed Lola was in a world of her own. The six girls returned to their normal places in the room. Isabel resumed her picturesque pose of which she stood with her arm held high above her head, in the corner of the room, balancing on one foot with her tongue just coming out of the left side of her mouth as she stretched clasping her mobile desperately trying to get one bar of signal in order to send a text message to her boyfriend Jamie. Fleur went back to the table and perched on it with a look of concentration on her face that was very unusual she was very focused as she moved her hand with such precision as she placed the small brush into the pot and painted tiny strokes, then swore aloud and dived for the nail varnish remover to eliminate the unwanted blotch from her pristine finger. Charlie stayed by the window surrounded by her fan club; she was undoubtedly the most popular girl in the year. The fan club consisted of Paris, Fanny and Jo Jo; they followed her everywhere flattering her with anything that sprang to mind. There they stayed and continued nattering about the current topic of interest, which was whether Charlie's new haircut was more stylish than Britney Spear's latest venture. This new found issue was one of great importance, one that was not to be taken lightly in their opinion, it was even about seven points higher than the war on Iraq on their ‘ Topic List'. This list consisted of things like blusher colours, if red was the new black or if the ‘little black dress' had been taken over by the sudden craze of hot pants. These were normal day things that were compulsory to their small pointless lives or so this is what I thought.† † I think I hurt my ankle jumping out of that window. I couldn't stay another second in there it was driving me insane. I hate my year they are so small-minded. All they care about is this seasons colours or whether their boyfriends have the latest Porsche or not. The biggest tragedy they could possibly encounter in their lives would be if ‘Daddy' wouldn't let them go to the summer ball. People like them really annoy me for example Isabel spends her whole time worrying about what people could be saying about her and compares herself to everyone while in reality she spends 85% of her pointless time makings unfair judgements of people she knows nothing about, hair or the length of their legs are usually her favourites to bitch about. And Charlie, who spends her time with her head up in the clouds, so much that she doesn't see that her precious fan club, Jo Jo, Paris and Fanny, spend their whole time saying horrible things about her whenever her back is turned, the complete opposite to what they praise her for. She is too stupid to see it, what an idiot. I wish that all the mobiles in the world could be destroyed so that the girls at our school could try and live their lives, for once without them for five minutes. Their lives revolve around them; in fact they are their lives, that is so sad. I hate everything about this place is seems so picturesque and angelic but it is full of hate and depression, or maybe i am the one with the depression, I miss her so much I feel like a part of me is missing. Everything was a disaster last year and it is still unfinished, i wished she could come back so i could either ring her neck for all of the hurt and pain that she caused or run to her and hug her and start crying hysterically. I suppose I will never know all I ask is closure. † † Being a form tutor I have to sit in the form room to make sure that no more excessive amounts of red nail polish are spilt on the floor. I do have my own bits and pieces to get on with I am a very busy teacher, instead I have to sit here and baby-sit a dozen, childish, vain, spoilt, teenagers making sure they spill liquids any where, while they have mindless conversations. ‘I am so excited about the Easter hols it is going to be so wicked!' said Isabel after she breathed a sigh of relief because her text message had been sent. Fleur looked up from her nails and said something unexpected, but only to me the others didn't seem to notice the change in attitude, ‘ I am really worried about Cesca, she seems really unhappy at the moment, she keeps getting really frustrated. What have we done to her to make her so angry?' ‘It's ok it's not us, or at least I don't think it is. I was talking to Eims about her the other day. You know how she is really worried about her and doesn't know what to do. Apparently she gets depressed very frequently for no reason at all, or at least no one knows why, she thinks she is trying to kill herself.† ‘ This came from Fanny, it got every one's attention, Isabel looked up from her phone, and Paris and Jo Jo took their eyes off Charlie, Charlie stopped fiddling with her newly blonde hair to look up at Paris. ‘ That's terrible, what would make her do such a thing?' said Jo Jo. At that moment Cesca walked in luckily it didn't seem like she had overheard the conversation. She walked in and slumped onto a chair. I took the register and saw the girls excluding Cesca whispering to each other; even though i haven't been at this school very long it is long enough to know that all the girls do is gossip or bitch. Anything with an emotional content everyone will stay well away from, like an elephant from a mouse.'† † ‘ She doesn't love me, Cesca' Fernanda said quietly. If it was anyone else the tears would have been tumbling down their cheeks. That, however didn't apply to her, the situation was far gone at that point, it was beyond tears for her she sat on my messy bed, with a look of speechlessness and, unbelievably, acceptance on her face. I sat there not wanting to look into her brown eyes, aware that they were a bottomless pit of hurt and despair. Still keeping my eyes fixed on the childish Mickey Mouse duvet cover, I tried numerous times to say something, anything, unfortunately my words failed me and all I was left to do was open and close my mouth in hope that something of use would come out all that this did was make me look like I was imitating a guppy fish. I knew that all she needed at this time was hope; otherwise she would've lost her bearing on reality, which she was very capable of doing. I felt useless and as though there was nothing I could do but stand by and watch. All I could do was deny it, ‘That's not true Fernanda, your so cynical, you're being ridiculous. Of course she still loves you.' With this I removed my gaze from the duvet and she caught my eye and forced me to look into her unhappy eyes. It was hopeless all I could say would be lies, I couldn't reassure her because there was not one shred of truth in my words.† Dear diary, School is terrible at the moment, everyone just sits around staring at each other, I think they have run out of things to say to each other. Especially Eims, Cesca and Fernanda all they do is argue now. Every night on our floor there is an argument, one thing I have learnt about them is don't get in the way at these times, our floor is wrecked there are dents in the walls, broken chairs and bins. They used to be such good friends, well it started off with Fernanda and Cesca then Eims came in and they were all good friends, they were inseparable. Then something happened between Fernanda and Eims, they just suddenly grew apart, it is still happening now. Although it seems to be Eims trying to get away from Fernanda, I never see her anymore she spends her whole time with Carolina in the year above she is in a different boarding so makes a good escape. They're best friends now they are very close, this seems to be tearing Fernanda apart. She is a very possessive person; one of the most you will ever meet. Fernanda has argued with Carolina loads of times, she has made her cry which is really stupid considering she is in the year abovevery brave considering she is in the year above. Apparently it is though she is trying to stop Carolina being friends with Eims, I don't understand why she cares so much. What's the big deal? Almost every time she looks at Eims for a long period of time she starts crying. I feel sorry for Cesca she always seems to be caught in the middle. You can tell that she loves both of them a lot, whenever they start arguing she goes all funny and can't stay in the room very long or she will go to the other side of the room and try to distract herself or usually burst into tears and beg them to stop arguing. I really don't understand why they are so dramatic and argue all of the time, something must of happened to make them be like that. â€Å"Ok one more stop, then a one and a half mile walk. I spend my whole time on buses, tubes, trains or on foot, compensating for other people's laziness. I can't wait till I go to Japan tomorrow, although I'm not sure which clothes to take I don't want to look like an idiot walking round wearing something that is completely out of fashion. This is my stop, I better give Cesca a ring she's a wreck after Fernanda left. Come on pick up the phone; please tell me you don't have it one silent. ‘ Hey gorgeous, how are you? You surviving?' I said attempting to sound cheerful, hoping it might rub off onto her, but in vain. ‘ Yea I'm ok, just about surviving. I just lock myself up in a room and hope that no one will try to talk to me, except you of course I can talk to you Eims.' She sounded depressed I was probably the first person she had talked to in days. I wonder how long this conversation is going to go on for, we are just making polite, superficial conversation, this is pointless, we are never going to be friends unless she knows†¦ I have to tell her†¦ She is gone now†¦ If I don't tell Cesca soon I am going to explode†¦ I can't keep it in any longer†¦ ‘ I have something to tell you.' I spat out, interrupting her in full flow on how she was avoiding everyone's puzzlement and how much she missed Fernanda. I knew that if I didn't say it now I never would†¦ ‘ It's something you don't know†¦' Come on say it, get it out once and for all, this is your only chance. ‘ It's about Fernanada she†¦she†¦' Oh God I can't believe I am even considering telling her. It would wreck everything she ever had with Fernanda. She would feel betrayed and hurt, you know how much she loved Fernanda, remember how Cesca was when she found out that Fernanda had been trying to kill herself. She had a fit and started hyperventilating, chairs got broken and dents were made in the walls. If I told her it would just be a dreadful repeat of that, I don't want to put her through it again. On the other hand, she deserves to know, she had been lied to for such a long time. It can't do her any harm Fernanda is gone now†¦ ‘She had more than just†¦friendly feelings for me. You knew me I loved her more than anything I would have done anything for her, I was blinded and didn't see it. I felt betrayed, that was why we had so many arguments. When she first told me I was willing to overlook it like any decent person. I mean it wouldn't of made any difference but she made how she felt plainly obvious, i couldn't escape it, she just started seeing me as a piece of ass, she forgot who I was, inside as a person.' It was completely silent she wasn't saying anything, ‘ Cesca are you there?!' I repeated it again. ‘ Yes, yes alright I'm here!' Her tone dropped from angry to someone who had had their heart ripped out with the help of a rusty spoon. ‘ I knew already†¦i just wouldn't admit it.' She hung up. Cesca Look, I haven't seen you in a year. I can't go on any longer. You are the only thing that is keeping me going here, I feel so alone. I want to come and see you in England. I know you say that it will be really hard and the arguments will be worse. And Eims will be there but I don't care I want to see you. I know it won't be easy but with the bad comes the good. That is all that matters to me. I want to see you†¦That's why I have decided to come back for this summer term†¦

Attachment Styles and Relationships - 1171 Words

Attachment Styles and Relationships Jennifer Oliver PSY/220 Adam Miller Part One When you have two individuals and they share an emotional attachment, we call this an attachment style. According to Bolt (2004), there are three main elements. Care, commitment and closeness. I like to remember them easily by calling them the 3 C’s. Attachment styles start at birth. It is important to realize that although nature and nurture are both important elements that help develop our attachment style they are not the only factors. Our parents, close relatives, even siblings can help us develop our individual attachment style. The first attachment style is closeness, from the time we are infants, we experience either the closeness†¦show more content†¦Those that experience the other end of the spectrum, the avoidant attachments will be more likely to be in relationships of a casual nature, have no regard for personal relationships, may lie and cheat, not giving the relationship any value or merit at all. This type of behavior usually occurs in those tha t were not given care, commitment, or closeness from their caregivers. They can sometimes be aggressive, jealous, needy, and have an intense fear of rejection. They don’t feel that they can have a trusting or healthy relationship so it’s as if they try to sabotage it from the very beginning. They fear their partners may reject them so they tend to become the aggressors. Again, this behavior is characterized by the lack of attention given in theory formative years. With a better understanding of how our style initially developed, we can better learn how to modify it. An example would be a child who was initially in a household where the attachment was cold and rejecting, where the parent did not put the child first and acted like they wished the child had never been born. At some point due to divorce the child now ends up in a warm and responsive, supportive household where she is paid attention to and doted on. Her first years, although not the best , would certainly h ave a negative effect at first since this is all the child would have known but then going into another loving,Show MoreRelatedThe Attachment Styles And Relationship805 Words   |  4 PagesAfter taking the Attachment Styles and Relationship, the result shows that I am in the secure adult quadrant. I am strongly agree with the result since I was really honest when I was answering the questions. On the scale ranging from one to seven on anxiety, my score was one point eighty-three, and on the scale ranging from one to seven on avoidance, my score was two point twenty-two, which is pretty low. I think the attachment that I have today is linked to the way how I was raise, and whose I grewRead MoreAttachment Style As A Predictor For Romantic Adult Relationships Or Attachment Styles1297 Words   |  6 Pagesthe life span, attachment style is consistent; the theory of attachment, created by John Bowlby, describes attachment as â€Å"the lasting psychological connectedness between huma n beings† (McLeod). Attachment style forms during childhood through early school years and accommodates for experience and the environment we immerse in (Feeney Noller, 281). Through careful study, the three different attachment styles serve as a predictor for romantic adult relationships or attachment styles. The three differentRead MoreThe Influence of Parenting Styles and Attachment Styles on Relationship Designs986 Words   |  4 Pagesdevelopmental psychologists will agree that the attachment styles and parenting styles a child receives is the design for the rest of their relationships. The relationship an infant or child has with the primary caregiver is the most important because their adult behaviors are directly influenced from these experiences. This is the basic theory of attachment styles that states that the earliest bonds a child forms correlates to the kinds of relationships people form as adults. Families are the firstRead MoreAttachment Styles And Their Influence On Adult Relationships1860 Words   |  8 Pagesand developed a four-part attachment style for adults. These styles are related to how individuals see themselves, how they see others, and how they relate to the people who are special to them. The attachment styles are secure, anxious-preoccupied, dismissive-avoidant, and fearful-avoidant. Bowlby, an early psychologist studying attachment styles theorized that the attachment relationship that a child has with his/her primary caregiver will determine the attachment style the child develops (BowlbyRead MoreAttachment Styles And Its Effect On Adult Romantic Relationships1739 Words   |  7 PagesAttachment Styles and its Effect on Adult Romantic Relationships Attachment is a deep and enduring emotional bond that connects a caregiver to their child. The relationship between the caregiver and the child plays a vital role in the child’s behavior, mind, and emotions at any time in their life, from child to adulthood. A child’s attachment style is developed through childhood experiences. Depending on the style of attachment influences how a person reacts to their needs and how they go aboutRead More2. Assignment: Attachment Style and Relationships Essay1364 Words   |  6 Pages2. Assignment: Attachment Style and Relationships Robert Sternberg created his triangular theory of love based on three dimensions: passion, intimacy, and commitment. The degree to which a relationship demonstrates these three dimensions determines the type of love relationship. People begin love relationships with those who care for them as children. These early relationships can have a great effect on their adult relationships. †¢ Write a 350- to 700-word response summarizing the three dimensionsRead MoreAttachment Styles And Their Influence On Our Future Relationships824 Words   |  4 Pagesappearing in a relationship, individuals tend to notice the innate habits, thoughts, and behaviors of their partners on a more intimate level. These innate patterns depict the individual’s attachment styles, or the â€Å"global orientations toward relationships† (14). These attachment styles – secure, preoccupied, fearful, and dismissing – surface during childhood, and preserve the propensity to affect our future relationships in society. According to the online quiz, I sustain a secure attachment style, meaningRead MoreAttachment Style: How It Affects Love Relationships1255 Words   |  6 PagesIndividual attachments styles can affect the type of love relationships later on in life because one learns behavioral traits as a young child. Robert Sternberg introduced us to his Love Tria ngle theory in 1988. He explained that the way a person was brought up as a child can affect the way they express themselves as adults. The question remains as to why does this affect one as an adult. If one is taught from right and wrong then why does one express themselves negatively towards others? AccordingRead MoreThe Effects of Attachment Style on Adult Romantic Relationships4807 Words   |  20 PagesThe Effects of Attachment Style on Adult Romantic Relationships â€Æ' Abstract Individual attachment style and its effects on adult romantic relationships were examined. The hypothesis of this literature review was that insecure attachment style would negatively affect the overall dynamic of adult romantic relationships while secure attachment would promote positive and healthy romantic relationships. Empirical studies looking at attachment style and relationship issues such as one’s views of selfRead MoreThe Effects Of Personal Attachment Style On Romantic Relationship Satisfaction1718 Words   |  7 PagesThe Effects of Personal Attachment Style on Romantic Relationship Satisfaction Our earliest relationships in life can be deeply formative in shaping our development. Created by John Bowlby, attachment theory relates the importance of attachment in regards to personal development. According to Bowlby, attachment is the leading factor in our ability to form and maintain relationships as adults (Levy 2012, pg. 157). As human beings, we need to feel as if we belong (Cherry, 2016). We find this belongingness